Mitochondrial Dysfunction Is Associated with Post-Acute Sequelae of Covid-19

Background: Mitochondrial (mt) dysfunction has been described in acute severe SARS-CoV2 infection. It remains unclear whether the disturbances in mt are also present in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). Method(s): We analyzed cross-sectional data from participants without history of COVID and SARS-CoV2 antibody negative (COVID-), with documented prior COVID and full recovery (COVID+ PASC-), and with prior COVID with PASC as defined by the CDC (COVID+PASC+). Mt respiration was measured from peripheral blood mononuclear cells utilizing the Seahorse XFe96 analyzer. Generalized linear regression was used to compare estimates of mt and non-mt respirations, and unadjusted odds ratios using multinomial logistic regression to assess if mt respiration were associated with PASC. Result(s): For this analysis, 59 participants were enrolled, 71.19% (n=42) had a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis. The overall mean age was 47.47 +/- 14.86 years, 69.49% (n=41) were females and 33.90% (n=20) were non-white race. There was no difference in demographics between participants with and without COVID (p>=0.72). Amongst all COVID+ participants, 19% (n=11) had hypertension and 8% (n=5) had diabetes. Among all COVID+, the median time between COVID diagnosis and study evaluation was 210 (IQR: 119, 453) days, and 50% (n=21) of COVID+ experienced persistent symptoms consistent with PASC. PASC participants had the highest observed values in non-mt respiration (21.57 +/- 10.77 pmol/min), basal respiration (38.95 +/- 17.58 pmol/min), proton leak (10.41 +/- 3.1), maximal respiration (103.91 +/- 58.63 pmol/min), spare respiratory capacity (64.96 +/- 41.82 pmol/min), and ATP production (28.55 +/-14.85 pmol/min). Basal respiration, ATP production, maximal respiration, and non-mt respiration were highest in PASC compared to COVID- (p<=0.02). There was marginal evidence (p=0.05) of a mean difference (8.09 pmol/min) in ATP production between COVID+PASC+ and COVID+PASC-, without differences in proton leak (p=0.23) or spare respiration capacity (p=0.07). Every unit increase in non-mt respiration, basal respiration, maximal respiration, and ATP production increased the predicted odds of PASC by 10.99, 5.6, 1.6 and 6.2%, respectively (Figure). Conclusion(s): Individuals with PASC are consuming more oxygen and producing more ATP in the PBMCs compared to controls. There also appears to be increased PBMC ATP production between PASC and COVID+. We hypothesize that this may reflect a crucial pathogenic mechanism in PASC that may be associated with ongoing inflammation. (Figure Presented).

Modern Approaches to Library Fund Management

This paper studies the modern approaches to library fund management. Receiving information, its organization, storage, receipt, and dissemination of information among users are the main pre-defined tasks for libraries. The industrial breakthrough and informatization of libraries have significantly affected the development and general operation of libraries. During technological progress and forced measures due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the activities of libraries and their resources have partially and completely moved into the virtual world of the Internet. This remote method of operation made it possible to increase the popularity of libraries among users, the opportunity to use new approaches to modernize not only customer service, but also to modernize the management of library funds. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.